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Writer's pictureMihir Mehta

The Standard Model of Particle Physics

The Standard Model of Particle Physics is the best-known theory which describes three of the four fundamental forces that are the Strong Force, Weak Force and the Electromagnetic force, while also classifying their elementary particles. The current model includes the (UP, DOWN, TOP, BOTTOM, CHARM and STRANGE) Quarks, the (TAU, ELECTRON, MUON and their subsequent neutrinos) LEPTONS and the BOSONS. These particles are the most basic form of the fundamental forces. They form our universe and surround us in every aspect of life. Our best understanding of how these particles and forces are related to each other is encapsulated in this theory. It has successfully explained almost all experimental results and precisely predicted a wide variety of phenomena. Over time and through many experiments, the Standard Model has become established as a well-tested physics theory. This theory, although elegant, is filled with multiple loopholes in different areas like the inability to accommodate the Graviton (the elementary particle concerned with Gravity). It also states that neutrinos should be massless but in practical purposes, there has been conclusive evidence proving the opposite. Another problem which lies in the very mathematical framework of this theory is where the Standard Model is inconsistent with the laws of General Relativity as put forth by Einstein. Dark Matter and Dark Energy are complete mind-boggling events that the theory can't seem to explain.

Finding a massless integer spin particle like the Graviton is going to be a task in itself as it would be the binding force among several peculiar and wild theories but until then the Standard Model is the best way to explain the workings of our universe.



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